淡水环境中可溶有机质研究进展

Research Progress on Freshwater Dissolved Organic Matter

论述了淡水环境中可溶有机质(DOM)在分离与分析方法、来源与特征,以及环境意义等方面的研究进展。指出了在分离方法上,从XAD树脂分离到反渗透膜分离已经发展出各种分离技术;在分析方法上,现代波谱分析技术得到了广泛应用。DOM是由在来源、年龄、存在状态、后生改造等方面存在巨大差异的不同有机质混合构成的,因而呈现出十分复杂的非均质结构。DOM通过其自身的生物可利用性、改变有机污染物和重金属的生物可利用性及其耗氧能力影响环境质量,而且其自身的一些地球化学特征也能用来反映环境的变化特点。最后简述了湿地淡水环境中DOM的研究趋势和展望。

This paper introduces research progress on freshwater dissolved organic matter （DOM） in the as-pects of separation and analysis methods,its sources and character,and environmental significance. For DOM separation, various methods ranging from XAD resin extraction to reverse osmosis have been successfully ap-plied;and for DOM analysis,numerous modern spectral techniques having been widely used. DOM is a mix-ture of various organic compounds in terms of source, age, occurrence and diagenesis, hence exhibiting great heterogeneity. DOM can affect ambient environment via its bioavailability,changing the bioavailability of or-ganic pollutants and heavy metals, and its capability of consuming oxygen. In addition,its geochemical signa-tures can be used as indicators of environmental change. Finally, a sketch on the trend and prospect of re-search on freshwater DOM is given.