湖南省中小学生焦虑障碍的行为问题与自我意识特征的对照研究

Control Study of Behavior Problems and Self-concept Characteristics of Anxiety Disorders ofStudents in Primary School and Junior High School of Hunan Province

【目的】了解湖南省儿童青少年焦虑障碍的行为问题与自我意识特征。【方法】2005年9月至2005年12调查湖南省小学1年级至初三的242名中小学生，年龄为6～17岁。凡符合美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册第四版（DSM—IV）诊断标准的学生和正常对照组学生由学生本人填写儿童自我意识量表（Children’Sself-conceptScale，CSCS），由父母填写Achenbach儿童行为量表（AchenbachChildBehaviorChecklist，CBCL）。【结果】对CBCL各分量表及总分进行比较，在社会能力方面病例组的社会分、学校分得分低于对照组，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；在行为问题方面，病例组在退缩、躯体主诉、焦虑忧郁、社交问题、思维问题、注意问题、违纪问题、攻击行为、性问题、内向性问题、外向性问题、行为问题部分的得分高于对照组，差异有显著性（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）。比较病例组和对照组CSCS各分量表及总分，病例组得分均低于对照组，有显著性差异（P〈O．01）。【结论】焦虑障碍对儿童学习、行为、自我意识造成不良影响，应予以积极干预。

[Objective] To understand the behavior problems and self-concept characteristics of anxiety disorders of children and adolescences in Hunan province. [Methods] Totally 242 students aged 6--17 years old in primary school and junior high school of Hunan province from Sept. 2005 to Dec. 2005 were investiga- ted. Students accordance with the diagnostic standard of the diagnostic and statistical manual of American mental disorder-IV （DSM-IV） and students in normal control group completed the children＇s self-concept scale （CSCL） by themselves. Aehenbach children behavior checklist（CBCL） was completed by parents. [Results] Scores of CBCL were compared. Social ability scores such as social scores and school scores in case group were lower than those in control group, and there was significant difference（ P d0.05）. The scores of behavior problems such as recession, body chief complaint, anxiety, depression, social activity, thought, attention, disciplinary violation, aggressive behavior, sex, introversion and extroversion in case group were higher than those in control group, and there were significant differences （ P d0.01, P d0.05）. Control study of scores of CSCS showed that the scores of case group were lower than those in control group, and there was significa＇nt difference（ P d0.01）. [Conclusion]Anxiety disorder has adverse effect on the learning, behavior and self con- ~rln,;~no~ nf rhildren, so it should he intervened actively.