赵执信五古声调论考述

A Study on Zhao Zhishen's Analysis of Tonal Rules for Five-Character Ancient Verses

明清诗论家多认为古体诗具有不同于近体的特殊声调,赵执信在《声调谱》中把这一观念具体化。他通过举例的方式明确标出五古的平仄,进而提出如果某句平仄与近体相同,那么此联另一句则必须与近体相异。翁方纲批评赵执信《声调谱》不符合创作实际,但结合中唐以后五古创作可知,赵执信所归纳的五古特殊声调确被大多数诗人所遵循。

Poetry commentators in the Ming tone which was different from that of regular and Qing dynasties tended to think that ancient verses had a special verses. Zhao Zhishen had concretized this view in his Tune Chart （ 调谱）. He laid out the tonal rules for five -character ancient verses through exemplification, and then drew the conclusion that another line of the verse must be different from metrical poetries if the tonal rule of some sentences was the same as those of the metrical poetries. Weng Fanggang criticized that Zhao Zhishen＇ s Tune Chart （声调谱 ） did not accord with creative reality, but the opinion lacked enough conviction. The tonal rules for five-character ancient verses advanced by Zhao Zhishen have been followed most Chinese poets henceforward.