护士对血源性职业暴露相关的医院安全氛围认知的调查研究

Investigation on nurses′ perceptions of hospital safety climate with regards to occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens

目的了解临床护士对血源性职业暴露相关的医院安全氛围的认知现状,分析安全管理中存在的问题。方法采用经严格跨文化调适后形成的中文版医院安全氛围问卷对425名临床护士进行调查。结果临床护士对安全氛围的认知总正向率为71.06%,对冲突和沟通认知维度的正向率最高,为94.12%;对安全工作的阻碍维度认知的正向率最低,为46.43%。不同科室、年龄、护龄、学历、职称护士对安全氛围的认知水平比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),不同年龄的护士对安全工作的阻碍、反馈和培训的认知得分比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),不同护龄的护士对反馈和培训的认知得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论护士对医院在血源性职业暴露管理方面的安全氛围总体表现较为认可,但在安全工作阻碍、反馈和培训、管理支持这些方面仍需改进。

Objective To understand nurses＇ perceptions of hospital safety climate with regards to occupational exposure to blood borne pathogens and to analyze potential problems in nursing safety management. Methods A total of 425 nurses were investigated with the cutturally adapted Chinese version Hospital Safety Climate Scale. Results The positive rate of hospital safety climate among nurses was 71.06%, the positive rate of the dimension of minimal conflict/good communication was 94.12%, which was the big best, and the positive rate of absence of workplace barriers to safe work practices was the lowest,being 46.43 %. Nurses from dif- ferent departments, in different age groups, with different lengths of service, educational backgrounds, and professional titles had no significant differences in total score of hospital safety climate （P〉0.05 for all） ; nurses in different age groups scored differently in the dimensions of absence of workplace barriers to safe work practices, and frequent safety-related feedback and training by su- pervisors （P〈0.05 for all）. Nurse with different lengths of service scored differently in frequent safety related feedback and training （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Nurses appreciate the hospital for its effort in management of occupational exposures to bloodborne pathogens. However, such aspects as absence of workplace barriers to safe work practices, frequent safety-related feedback and training by supervisors, and senior management support for safety programs, need to be strengthened.