从战国农业政策看中国古代国家政权和小农之关系的确立

On Agricultural Policies in the Warring States Period and the Establishment of Relationship between the Ancient State Power and Small holders

战国农业政策是在当时各国面临严峻的“耕”“战”压力下,为达到“富国强兵”的政治目标而推行的以国家授田制及其配套措施为内容的制度革新措施。它不仅造就了广泛的个体小农生产者阶层,还确定了国家在农业生产过程中的政策制定者、农业行政管理者、农业生产组织者及个体小农保护者的身份,由此确立了国家政权和个体小农之间的共生互动关系,对战国社会变革和中国古代社会生产结构的演进有着重大深远的意义。

The agricultural policies executed by the centralized state governments under the pressure of 'farming' and 'warring' in the Waning States Period were meant to bring about fundamental institutional reforms in order to achieve the goal of ' state prosperity' and 'military strength.' These policies not only produced an individual smallholder class but also secured the governments' protectoral roles. Thus, there developed a relation between the state power and individual smallholders.