危险因素与早产儿死亡关系的临床探讨

目的探讨早产儿死亡的原因及危险因素,为降低早产儿病死率提供依据。方法回顾性分析2007年1月～2011年12月广东省广州市白云区妇幼保健院死亡的50例早产儿的临床资料。结果早产儿死亡数占同期早产儿的2.83%,死亡原因中肺透明膜病(RDS)仍居首位,其他原因依次为肺出血、窒息、颅内出血、坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)、气胸、败血症、肺炎、畸形等,胎龄或体重越小,早产儿病死率越高。结论坚持开展围产期健康教育,加强高危妊娠的病情观察及监护,积极预防和治疗各种并发症,提高产、儿科防治水平,早期发现各种危险因素,减少及预防早产儿发生率是降低早产儿病死率、提高早产儿生活质量的关键。

Objective To study the death cause and risk factor of premature infant, provide evidence for reducing death rate of premature infants. Methods The clinic information of 50 premature infants of the death during 2007.1～2011.12 was analyzed retrospectively. Results About 2.83% of premature infants were dead among the newborn infants. The main cause of death was RDS.And the other causes of which were lung hemorrhage,asphyxia,intra cranial hemorrhage,NEC,pneumothorax, septicemia, pneumonia and malformation etc.The younger the weights and gestational weeks were, the higher the death ratio was. Conclusion We should persist in the health education of the perinatal period, enhance the observation and wardship, prevent and treat various of complications, advance the cure level of obstetrics and pediatrics,find various risk factors earlier and reduce the occurrence rate of premature infants. These measures are very important for finding various risk factors early and reducing the death ratio and improving life quality of premature infants.