经皮肾镜碎石术治疗复杂肾结石的安全性及并发症防治分析

Study on safety and prevention of complications in patients with percutaneous nephroscopic lithotripsy in treatment of complex renal calculus

目的研究经皮肾镜碎石术治疗复杂肾结石的临床疗效,探讨安全性及并发症防治。方法回顾性分析132例复杂肾结石患者的临床资料,按手术方式不同将患者分为两组,经皮肾镜碎石术为观察组(n=78),开放性取石术为对照组(n=54),比较两组患者的手术效果及术后恢复情况。结果观察组手术效果显著优于对照组,两组手术时间、术中出血量、结石清除率有显著性差异(P<0.05);观察组术后恢复显著优于对照组,两组下床活动时间、住院时间、术后疼痛及发热情况有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论经皮肾镜碎石术具有并发症少、术后恢复快、安全性高等优势,是复杂肾结石的首选治疗手段。

Objective To study the safety and complications in percutaneous nephroscopic lithotripsy in treatment of patients with complex renal calculus, and to discuss its safety and complications. Methods The clinical data of 132 patients with complex renal calculus were retrospec- tively compared and analyzed, they were divided into 2 groups according to their operation mode, 78 patients treated with percutaneous nephroscop- ic lithotripsy were listed in observation group, and 54 patients treated with lithotomy were listed as control group, and effectiveness of surgery and postoperative recovery were compared between these 2 groups. Results The operational effect in patients of observation group was significantly better than that of patients in control group, and their difference in operating time, amount of intraoperative blood loss, and effect of removal of stones was significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The postoperative recovery of patients in observation group was significantly better than that of patients in con- trol group, the difference in activity time, length of hospitalization, postoperative pain and fever between these 2 groups was significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Percntaneous nephroscopic lithotripsy has the advantages of fewer complications, fast postoperative recovery and high safety, hence it is the therapeutic method for first choice in treatment of patients with complex renal calculus.