新生儿脐血血型免疫血清学检验结果与新生儿高胆红素血症的相关性研究

Study on correlation of results of blood type of umbilical blood by immunoserological test with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

目的探讨新生儿脐血血型免疫血清学检验结果与新生儿高胆红素血症的相关性。方法对母亲血型O型、新生儿血型为A或B型的新生儿389例行抗体释放试验,阳性者286例为观察组,同期母婴ABO血型相合的新生儿205例作为对照组,研究血清学结果与新生儿高胆红素血症的关系。结果 389例新生儿中,286(73.5%)例抗体释放试验阳性,115例(29.6%)直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性,198例(50.9%)间接抗人球蛋白试验阳性,163例(41.9%)IgG抗A+B抗体阳性。观察组高胆红素血症发生55例(19.2%),对照组7例(3.4%),两组高胆红素血症发生率比较差异有统计学意义。直接抗人球蛋白试验和间接抗人球蛋白试验比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新生儿脐血血型免疫血清学检验有助于早期诊断高胆红素血症。

Objective To analyze the correlation between results of blood - type of neonatal umbilical cord blood by immunoserological test and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Methods A total of 286 cases with positive routine antibody release test in 389 newborns with blood type A or B and their mother with blood type O were allocated in observation group, and 205 newborns were consistent with blood type of mother as cantrol group, the relationship between serological results and neonatal hyperbilirnbinemia had been studied. Results Among 286 （73.5 % ） newborns with positive antibody release test, 115 （29.6%） of them were positive in direct anti -globulin test, 198 （50.9%） cases were positive in indi- rect anti - globulin test, 163 （41.9 % ） of 389 neoborns were positive in anti - A ＋ B IgG antibodies. 55 （ 19.2% ） cases had hyperbilirnbinemia in observation group, 7 （ 3.4% ） cases had hyperbilirubinemia in control group. Their difference was statistically significant. There was statistically significant difference in results of direct anti - globulin test and indirect anti - globulin test between these 2 groups （ P 〈0. 05 ）. Conclusion The examination of blood - type of umbilical cord blood by immunoserological test is a practical method for early diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns.