茶园滴灌施肥的增产提质及土壤养分效应研究

Study on the Influence of Drip Irrigated Fertilization on Tea Yields, Quality and Soil Nutrient Effect

以常规施肥作为对照,设计3个不同氮素用量(450、300、150 kg/hm2),研究了茶园滴灌施肥对茶叶产量、品质及土壤养分性状的影响。结果表明,滴灌施肥处理比对照增产3.4%～9.3%,施氮量与产量间呈明显正相关,以年施氮量300～450 kg/hm2产量较高,滴灌施肥对茶叶品质影响不显著。滴灌施肥处理成熟叶含氮量显著高于对照,且季节性差异明显,秋茶﹥夏茶﹥春茶,滴灌施肥可促进茶树对氮素的吸收利用。施肥方式对土壤pH值影响显著,滴灌施肥处理土壤pH值明显高于对照,可能因其氮素利用率较高而有助于减弱无机氮对土壤的酸化作用。

The effects of drip irrigated fertilization on tea yields, quality and soil character on three different nitrogen（N） application treatments （450 kg/hm^2, 300 kg/hm^2, 150 kg/hm^2）were conducted and by using the conventional fertilization as the control. The results showed that compared with the control, drip irigated fertilization increased tea production significantly by 3.4%-9.3%, it showed a positive correlation between nitrogen application rate and tea yields, a higher production was obtained in the treatment of annual nitrogen input of 300-450 kg/hm^2 the drop irigated fertilization showed a insignificant impact on the tea quality. As mature leaf nitrogen content is concerned, drip irrigated fertilization treatment were significantly higher than control, indicating use efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer was higher than that of control, nitrogen content of mature leaf with significant seasonal variations, the highest in autumn tea, summer tea the second, spring tea the minimum. The drip irrigated fertilization promoted the absorption and utilization of nitrogen for tea plant. Different fertilization treatments effected on soil pH significantly, soil pH in drip irrigated fertilization treatment was higher than that of control, probably that the higher nitrogen utilization is helpful in weakening the soil acidification caused by in organic nitrogen.