我国矿产资源开发与环境保护协调发展研究

Research on the Coordinated Development between Exploitation of Mineral Resources and Environmental Protection

我国矿产资源开发过程中的环境问题具有严峻性、低效性、紧迫性三个特点,其类型大致可分为四种:一是对自然地理环境的影响;二是对地质结构的影响;三是对水资源的影响;四是对大气、土壤的影响。对矿产资源开发与环境保护协调发展的建议:①加强生态环境保护意识;②实现矿产资源综合利用;③加强环保科技研究与开发;④构建有效的政策法规支撑;⑤完善矿产资源开发利用环境影响评价体系;⑥建立绿色矿业开发模式;⑦实行生态环境资源有偿使用制度和生态环境补偿机制。

The environmental problems in the course of mineral exploitation have the characteristics of serious situation, low effectiveness, and urgency; and its types can be roughly divided into four kinds： the impact on the natural geographical environment; the influence of geological structure; the impact on water; and the impact on atmosphere and soil. This paper proposes some measures for the coordinated development between exploitation of mineral resources and environmental protection, these include： strengthening ecological environmental protection consciousness; realizing comprehensive utilization of mineral resources; enforcing the science and technology research and development for environmental protection; building effective policies and regulations; perfecting the environmental impact assessment system of development and utilization of mineral resources; establishing green mining development mode; and setting up compensation systems for use of resources and for damage to the ecological environment.