中国优秀女子沙滩排球运动员专项运动素质特征及其评价

Evaluation and Characteristics of Special Skill-Related Performance of Chinese Elite Female Beach Volleyball Players

目的:探讨中国优秀女子沙排运动员专项运动素质特征。方法:根据文献资料及专家问卷确定其专项运动素质特征指标后,对包括备战2008年奥运会的国家女子沙滩排球队队员在内的现役全部女子沙滩排球运动员进行测试。国外优秀女子沙排运动员资料来自国际排联。结果:(1)中国优秀女子沙滩排球运动员速度灵敏性、弹跳、挥臂能力、柔韧性均优于中国一般运动员。(2)对中国优秀女子沙滩排球运动员专项运动素质的评价包括评价指标及指标贡献率的确定、目标结构模型的建立。结论:(1)与中国一般女子沙滩排球运动员相比,中国优秀女子沙滩排球运动员的专项运动素质以动作速度快、爆发力大、柔韧性好、协调能力强和专项耐力好为特征。但与世界顶尖女子沙滩排球运动员相比,中国优秀女子沙排运动员的快速动作和爆发力相对较差。(2)速度灵敏性、弹跳能力、挥臂能力是中国优秀女子沙滩排球运动员的核心素质。(3)中国优秀女子沙滩排球运动员专项运动素质评价指标包括沙地X字移动、助跑摸高、掷实心球、坐位体前屈和沙地渐进式折回跑五项,且其贡献率依次降低。(4)建立中国优秀女子沙滩排球运动员专项运动素质评价的目标结构模型有助于中国国家女子沙滩排球队树立训练目标,使训练更有目的性和实效性。

Objective： To evaluate the special skill-related performance of Chinese elite female beach volleyball players（Chinese elite female beach volleyball players ab.CEFBVP）.Methods： This paper established the test indexes by questionnaire,literature investigation,Etc,And the CEFBVP were tested in 2006.The data of world-class female beach volleyball players were from FIVB.Results：（1） The speed-aglity ability,bounce ability,Arm swing performance and flexility of Chinese elite ones are superior than Chinese general ones.（2） Evaluation of Special Skill-Related Performance of CEFBVP included establishment of evaluation indexes,contribution rates of evaluation indexes and target structure model.Conclusions：（1） Compared with the general ones,The CEFBVPs have quicker action speed,Higher explosive force,Better flexibility,Coordination,And skill-related endurance.However,The CEFBVPs have less rapid movement speed and lower explosive force when compared with world-class ones.（2） Speed-aglity ability,Bounce ability,Arm swing performance are core special skill-related performances of CEFBVPs.（3） Evaluation indexes of special skill-related performance of CEFBVP included X moving in sand,Approach jumping,Medicine ball throwing,Sit-and-reach,Beep test in sand;And the contribution rates of the five evaluation indexes reduced in sequence.（4）The establishment of target structure model of CEFBVP contributed to set up training target for national female beach volleyball team,Make their training more purposive and effective.