中英冬小麦在晋中晚熟冬麦区生育的差异

The Differences between Chinese and English Winter Wheat Varieties Grown in Jinzhong

根据四年观察研究 ,中英冬小麦在我国晋中晚熟冬麦区主要差异是 ,英国冬小麦春季起身拔节明显晚于中国冬小麦。表现为内部穗分化开始晚 ,单棱至二棱期延续时间长 ,主茎叶数增加 ,春季分蘖期延长 ,导致抽穗推迟达 1 0～ 1 5d。结果三段生长失调 ,后期灌浆处于高温迫熟状态 ,最终因粒重明显降低而减产。初步分析发育推迟的原因之一是英国品种春化发育期远较中国品种为长。

This paper is based on the results of four years test and observation. The results indicate that the primary differences between Chinese and English winter wheat varieties grown in Jinzhong, Shanxi are as follows: the U.K. varieties develop slower than Chinese varieties in the periods from sprouting to jointing. This manifested with slow spike differentiation and lengthening of single-ridge to double-ridge period; the number of main stem leaves were increased, the spring tiller was prolonged, and the period of heading was delayed 10-15 d, resulting in a higher temperature in the filling stage and yields decrease. The main causes of slower growth of the English varieties is due to longer vernalization.