吸入疗法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病临床观察及依从性研究

Clinical observation and the compliance of inhalation therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的探讨吸入疗法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的临床治疗效果及依从性的影响因素。方法对49例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者进行雾化吸入抗胆碱药及β2受体激动剂,观察治疗前后临床症状评分及肺功能变化情况。采用问卷调查的方式,对患者吸入疗法知识的了解程度及不能坚持规范吸入治疗的原因进行统计学分析。结果患者治疗前临床症状评分为(6.91±0.87)分,治疗后为(5.04±0.59)分,治疗前后比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);患者治疗前第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)为(1.61±0.21)L,治疗后FEV1为(2.03±0.45)L,治疗前后FEV1比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。大部分患者对于吸入疗法的作用、效果、注意事项和重要性的了解程度不够。结论吸入疗法治疗COPD能有效改善临床症状。应采取多种形式的健康教育,普及吸入治疗知识,提高患者对吸入疗法治疗COPD的依从程度。

[ Objective ] To explore the clinical effect of inhalation therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） and the compliance of patients. [Methods] Forty-nine patients with COPD were inhaled anti-cholin- ergics and 132 agonists, and the symptom scores and the changes of lung function were observed before and after treatment. The extent of getting the message of inhalation therapy and the reasons unable to insist on standard in- halation therapy were investigated by the means of questionnaire. [ Results ] There were significantly differences in the clinical symptom score （6.91±0.87 vs 5.04±0.59） and the FEV1 [（1.61±0.21）L vs （2.03±0.45）L] before and after treatment （P 〈0.05）. For most patients, they rarely grasped the knowledge on the effects, precautions, and importance of inhalation therapy. [ Conclusions ] Inhalation therapy may improve the clinical symptoms of COPD. To popularize the knowledge of inhalation therapy and improve the compliance of the patients with COPD, various ways of health education should be taken.