外交共同文化：概念、传统与变革

Common Culture of Diplomacy: Concepts,Traditions,and Changes

外交各项基本功能的实现,有赖于外交共同文化的存在。外交共同文化是指外交官作为特定的群体经过历史传承所共享的符号和意义体系,这些体系不仅规范外交官们相互之间的交流及处理国际事务的态度,而且通过外交规范和外交交往的礼宾仪式使之礼仪化。由于近代欧洲国家在政治体制和社会文化等方面的"同质性"特点,各国外交家对保持传统的外交共同文化具有广泛共识。第一次世界大战之后的"外交文化革命"虽然削弱了外交共同文化的基础,但并未改变传统外交文化的基本特点。近年来,信息技术革命和互联网的广泛应用使外交共同文化面临着重大挑战。外交未来能否促进各国之间的交流并有助于维护世界和平,取决于网络时代的外交共同文化的建立和发展。

The fulfillment of the variety of functions of diplomacy hinges on the presence of diplomatic common culture,which refers to the system of symbols and meanings shared within the community of diplomats passed on from one generation to the next. This system not only sets the norms for diplomats' interactions with one another,but also ritualizes the common culture through diplomatic norms and protocols. Because of the homogeneity of the political regime and social culture among the modern European countries,there is a consensus among European diplomats to maintain the traditional common culture of diplomacy. After World War I,the'diplomatic culture revolution'shook the foundation of diplomatic common culture. But it did not change the fundamental features of the common culture. Recently,diplomatic common culture has been faced with the challenges of the Internet and other revolutionary developments of technology. Whether or not diplomacy is able to promote international interations or help maintain global peace in the future depends on whether a new type of diplomatic common culture can be built and developed in the new era.