高山草原不同生境蝗虫生态分布规律研究

A study on the regulation of ecological distribution of grasshopper in different habitats in high-mountain rangeland

对天祝高山草原采用综合顺序分类法进行分类，选择了5亚类、10种不同型的草地作为样地；采用无底样框法，对各样地的蝗虫进行无放回取样。通过聚类分析、存在度分析等方法对取样结果进行处理，从蝗虫种类、数量等方面分析了不同草地类型之间蝗虫分布的差异，研究结果表明：（1）各样地蝗虫种类相似性的大小，是由蝗虫对栖境的选择决定的，而不仅仅是由植被类型决定的；（2）蝗虫在各生境中种群数量的多少取决于各生境对蝗虫适宜度的大小，而适宜度是通过物种存在度来衡量的；（3）蝗虫种群数量随着牧草生育期的变化而消长，其阶地上的动态由小翅雏蝗种群数量变化决定。

The integreted-systematic method of grassland classification was used to classify the high-mountain rangeland in Tian zhu and 5 subclasses and 10 different types of grassland were selected as sampling plots- The method of no-bottom sampling basket were used to take grasshoppers in different sarnpling plots by no put-back sampling- The sampling data were treated by cluster analysis. The differences and laws of grasshopper distributions among different grassland types were analysised and discussed from the species and quantity of grasshoppers. The main results and conclusions were obtained as follows: (1)The similarty of grasshopper species among sampling plots depended not only on the vegetation form but also on the habitat; (2)The population quantity of grasshoppers in each habitat depended on the habitats' fitness for grasshoppers, and the fitness was judged by species presence; (3)The population quantity of grasshopper grew and declined with the development stages of forage grasses, in grassland terrace however, the dynamics depended on the population quantity of Chorthtwusfallx (Zub.).