不同温度下赤霉素处理对乌饭树与短尾越橘种子发芽的影响

Effects of GA_3 treatments on seed germination in Vaccinium bracteatum and Vaccinium carlesii at different temperatures

为了比较分析乌饭树和短尾越橘种子的发芽特性,就不同温度条件下不同浓度赤霉素GA3溶液浸种处理对乌饭树和短尾越橘种子萌发的影响情况进行了恒温培养试验。结果表明:GA3溶液对打破乌饭树和短尾越橘种子休眠、提高发芽率、缩短发芽时间有显著的效果,发芽率比未经处理的高出3～5倍;处理后的乌饭树和短尾越橘种子对温度有很高的敏感度,25℃是最佳发芽温度,温度升高发芽率则降低,25℃时的发芽率是27℃时的3～5倍,是30℃时的10至几十倍;GA3溶液的浓度变化对乌饭树种子发芽率的影响不大,在25℃恒温条件下,用浓度分别为200、600、1 000 mg/L的GA3溶液浸种后的种子其最高发芽率分别为60%、65%和64%;而短尾越橘种子的发芽率随GA3溶液浓度不同而有所变化,用浓度为1 000 mg/L的GA3溶液处理后的种子其发芽率始终最高,在25℃时,用浓度分别为200 mg/L、600 mg/L、1 000 mg/L的GA3溶液浸种后的最高发芽率分别为41%、25%和57%。(4)提高温度,对两者的发芽都有抑制作用,30℃时,乌饭树几乎不发芽,而短尾越橘最终发芽率为16%。说明短尾越橘种子休眠更深,这可能与其自身种皮密实、坚硬等物理特性有关。

In order to compare seed germination characteristics in Vaccinium bracteatum and Vaccinium carlesii, seeds of E bracteatum and E carlesii after soaked in different concentrations of GA3 solution were cultured at different temperatures. The results show that GA3 solution has significant effect on breaking seed dormancy, improving germination rate and shortening germination time, and the germination rate is 3-5 times more than CK. The soaked seeds have higher sensitive to temperature, and the best germination temperature is 25 ℃. With raising temperature, the rate of germination reduces. The germination rate is at 25 ℃ is 2-4 times more than that at 27 ℃, and 10 to dozens of times at 30 ℃. Concentration of GA3 solution has little effect on seed germination in V.. bracteatum, the highest germination rates are 60%, 65% and 64% respectively, after soaked in 200, 600 and 1 000 mg/L GA3. The germination rate of seeds in E. carlesii has some changes with GA3 concentration changing, and it is the highest in 1 000 mg/L GA3 treatment. The l^ighest germination rates in 200, 600 and 1 000 mg/L GA3 treatments are 41%, 25% and 57%, respectively. Increasing temperature can inhibit germination of seeds. Almost no seeds in V.. bracteatum germinate, and the highest germination rate of seeds in V.. carlesiiis 16%, when the temperature is 30 ℃ . It shows that V. carlesii seeds dormancy is more deeper than V. bracteatum seeds, which seems to have relationship with solider and denser seeds coat in V. carlesii.