惩罚性赔偿制度与相关法律制度辨析

Analysis of Punitive Compensation System and Related Regulations

惩罚性赔偿制度是以经济手段的方式来惩罚侵害人,威慑侵害人和潜在侵害人再次实施危害行为的一种民事责任制度。但实践中惩罚性赔偿因其具有的惩罚性特征,与一些法律制度的密切关系而产生诸多联系。笔者此处就惩罚性赔偿制度与补偿性赔偿制度、精神损害赔偿制度、惩罚性违约金和刑事罚金、行政罚款的关系进行如下论证,以期对惩罚性赔偿制度有进一步的认识。

Punitive Damages or Exemplary Damages is stationary used, when the defendant caused damage to the plaintiff in a malicious, intentional, fraudulent, or laissez-faire manner, the plaintiff can obtain the addi- tion damages excluding the actual damages （Actual Damages）, the purpose is to punish the defendant, in order to prevent its repeating the implementation of its malicious behavior, and to provide warning to others and to pro- tect public damages safety; As to characteristics of punitive damages, the author made a comparative analysis on punitive d compensatory damages, mental damages, criminal fines, administrative fines and penalties for breach of contract payment, distinguished the links between them and the nature of differences, and further demonstrated the legal nature of punitive damages.