晋南地区近50年来气温与降水量变化趋势分析

Analysis on Temperature and Precipitation Variations of the Southern Shanxi Province in the Last 50 Years

利用隰县、临汾、运城3个地面气象站1961年～2010年的气温和降水量资料,研究了晋南地区近50年来气温与降水量的变化趋势.研究表明,晋南地区1961年～2010年间年均气温呈上升趋势,增温速率为0.35℃/10 a,高于山西省和全国气温平均增长率,并且年均气温的上升主要源于冬春季节的快速升温.同时,该区60年代和70年代为相对寒冷期,80年代为相对平稳期,而90年代和本世纪前十年为相对温暖期,特别是本世纪前十年增温趋势十分明显.晋南地区近50年来年平均降水量以18.3 mm/10 a的速率减少,并且夏秋季节对年降水量减少的贡献最大.该区60年代和70年代为相对多雨期,而90年代和本世纪前十年则为相对少雨期,特别是90年代,降水减少的幅度更明显.

Base on the data of air temperature and precipitation from three ground weather stations of Xi county, Linfen city and Yuncheng city in the southern Shanxi province during 1961- 2010, the changes of air temperature and precipitation was analyzed in the last 50 years. The results showed that mean annual temperature increased significantly,the wanning rate is O. 35 ℃ per 10 years, which is higher than that of Shanxi province and countrywide, and the reason of＂ increase of mean annual temperature is mainly due to warming in winter and spring. It is relative cold period in 60s and 70 s of last century during recent 50 years, and it＇ s relative warm period in 90s and in the first decade of the 21st century, the warming trend is very obvious in the first decade of the 21st century. The annual precipitation decreased distinctly and the rate is 18.3nun per 10 years, and the contribution of precipitation decrease is the lar- gest in summer and autumn. It is relative raining period in 60s and 70s of last century during recent 50 years, and it＇ s relative dry period in 90s and in the first decade of the 21st century, and 90s is the most remarkable stage of dry. Therefore, it is dry warming trend before 90s in last century, but the trend changed in the first decade of the 21st century.