青少年身高体重等参数对眼生物学参数的影响

Correlation of height, weight and other anthropometric parameters to biological parameters ofthe eye in teenagers

目的分析身高、体重和体重指数（BMI）等人体测量参数对青少年眼轴长度和屈光度等眼生物学参数的影响。方法横断面研究。选择河南安阳市某中学初一年级的两个班学生共101人（12．9±0．6岁）进行问卷调查，内容包括近距离用眼情况、近视家族史及父母月经济收入等，并对其进行眼生物学测量、散瞳电脑验光及检影验光。测定身高、体重和腰围等。计算BMI及眼轴长度（AL）与角膜曲率半径（CR）之比（AL/CR）。对参数间的关联性进行双变量直线相关分析和多重线性回归分析。结果入选初一学生总的近视比例为7313％，男生为63．6％，女生为80．2％，轻、中和高度近视的比例分别为35．5％、33．7％和4．1％。在校正年龄、性别、近距离用眼时间、近视家族史及父母月经济收人后，体重越重的学生眼轴越长（r=0．269，P〈0．05）。近视度数越高（r=-0.313，P〈0．05）；BMI越大的学生近视度数越高（r=-0．313，P〈0．05）；身高、腰围与眼生物学参数及屈光度均没有关联性。结论青少年的体重及BMI与眼轴长度及屈光度存在一定的关联性。

Objective To analyze the relationship of height, weight, body mass index and other anthropometrie parameters to eye refraction, axial length and other biological parameters of the eye in youths. Methods It was a cross-sectional study. One hundred and one first-year students （12.9±0.7 years of age） were selected from 2 classes in a middle school in Anyang City of Henan Province. A questionnaire survey was conducted that included near work time, family history of myopia, parental income, etc. Biological eye measurements, autorefraction under cycloplegia, retinoseopy, and axial length to corneal curvature radius （AL/CR） were taken and height, weight, waist circumference, and body mass index （BMI） were measured and calculated. Correlations between the parameters were analyzed using bivariate linear correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results The myopia rate of the selected first-year students in junior middle school was 73.3%, with 63.6% for boys and 80.2% for girls. The mild, moderate and high myopia rates were 35.5%, 33.7% and 4.1%, respectively. After adjustment for age, gender, near work time and family history of myopia, the heavier students had longer axial lengths （r=0.269, P〈0.05） and higher degrees of myopia （r=-0.313, P〈0.05）; the more obese students （greater BMI value） had higher degrees of myopia （r=-0.313, P〈0.05）. No associations were found between height or waist circumference and ocular biological parameters or refraction. Conclusion There were some correlations between weight, body mass index and axial length, and refraction in junior middle school students.