角膜塑形术治疗青少年近视疗效探讨

Result of Orthokeratology for Treatment of Young People with Myopia

目的:评价角膜塑形术(Orthokeratology)治疗青少年近视的效果。方法:应用角膜塑形术治疗56例青少年近视患者共110眼。分为3组:Ⅰ组为-1.00～3.00D,Ⅱ组为-3.25～-6.00D,Ⅲ组为-6.25～-7.50D,随访3个月。将各个时期的裸眼视力、屈光度、角膜屈光力与术前进行比较。同时,对治疗3个月后的角膜屈光力变化值(X)与临床屈光度变化值(Y)进行直线回归及直线相关分析。结果:3组患者术后1天、1周、1月、2月、3月裸眼视力均比术前显著提高(P<0.01);屈光度随疗程明显下降(P<0.01);角膜屈光力均比术前明显降低(P<0.01);角膜屈光力变化与临床屈光度变化呈正相关,相关系数r=0.381,P<0.001。结论:角膜塑形术是治疗青少年近视的一种安全有效的方法,远期疗效尚有待观察。眼科学报2000;16:149-152。

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of orthokeratology (Ortho-K) for treatment of myopia in youngths. Methods: 110 eyes of 56 young peoples with myopia received Ortho-K were studied. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to preoperative diopters. No. I:-1. 00-- 3. 00 D, No. II: - 3. 25 --6. 00 D, NO. III: - 6. 25 - - 7. 50 D. The uncorrected visual acuities, residual diopters and corneal refractive powers at various time of three months after the operation were statistically analyzed and compared with that of preoperation. Correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were performed between the corneal refractive reduction (X) and clinical refractive reduction (Y) after 3 months of the operation. Results: In 110 eyes, the uncorrected visual acuities in the first day, first week, first month, second month and third month after operation were significantly improved than that of the preoperation (P < 0.01). The mean residual diopters were significantly reduced than that of preoperation ( P < 0. 01). The mean refractive powers of cornea were significantly decreased than that of the preoperation ( P < 0. 01). There was significant correlation between the corneal refractive reduction and clinical refractive reduction. ( r = 0.318 1, P < 0.001) Conclusion: Orthokeratology is a safe and effective therapeutic method for treatment of 149 myopia in youngths. The long term effect of Orthokeratology need further observation. Eye Science 2000; 16: 149 - 152.