云南省水蚀荒漠化遥感调查及成因分析

Remote sensing investigation of water erosion desertification and cause in Yunnan Province

采用RS及GIS技术,对云南省水蚀荒漠化进行遥感调查,综合分析其分布规律及成因,提出防治对策。研究表明:云南省2008年水蚀荒漠化土地面积为35 949.69 km2,占云南省土地面积的9.39%;地质环境、地形地貌等自然因素决定了云南省水蚀荒漠化的整体空间分布特征,人为因素可诱发水蚀荒漠化或加剧水蚀荒漠化程度。建议优先部署滇东、滇中典型高原中山地貌区内沉积岩中泥岩、粘土岩、碳酸盐岩分布区,第四系松散沉积物分布区,以及金沙江—红河断裂带南段等7条活动断裂附近区域的水蚀荒漠化防治工作,完善已有生态环境保护工程,减轻人口压力,规范矿业开发等工业活动,防止人为因素诱发和加剧水蚀荒漠化。

Using RS and GIS technology, the authors analyzed the regularity and causes of water erosion desertification in Yunnan Province and put forward the prevention measures. Studies show that the area of water erosion desertification is 35 949.69 km2, accounting for 9.39% of the total land in Yunnan Province. The overall spatial distribution of erosion desertification is determined by geological environment, topography and other natural factors,and is also triggered and exacerbated by human factors. It is suggest that water erosion desertification prevention work should give priority to such regions as mudstone, claystone, carbonate rocks, Quaternary sediments, the vicinity of the south section of Jinsha River - Honghe River fault zone and other six active faults in the typical eastern and central Yunnan plateau middle mountain type landforms. The existing ecological environment protection projects should be improved, the population pressure should be reduced, and the mining and other industrial activities should be regulated to avoid inducing and exacerbating erosion desertification.