大冶陈贵镇小型尾矿库分布特征及其环境影响分析

An analysis of distribution characteristics and environmental effect of small tailing ponds in Chengui town,Daye

我国小型尾矿库数量占尾矿库总量的80%,当前矿山环境形势十分严峻。以WorldView-2高分辨率遥感图像为数据源,通过目视解译提取出大冶陈贵镇的尾矿库信息(小型尾矿库74个,占地面积58.95 hm2);利用最邻近距离法得出尾矿库对4类地物的危害由大到小依次为道路>水体>农耕地>居民点;选取大冶市DEM数据模拟水系和流域轮廓信息,使用ArcGIS提取出分级河网和集水流域数据;以流域为整体单元划分出尾矿库对环境影响的区域(面积达59.96 km2),并结合陈贵镇小型尾矿库的分布规律和特点,预测和分析尾矿库对环境产生的影响,为相关部门加强对小型尾矿库的环境监测和生态治理提供了重要参考依据,显示出遥感技术在小型尾矿库分布特征及环境影响分析中发挥的重要作用。

Small tailing ponds take up 80 percent of China＇s tailing ponds and have caused severe influence on theenvironment. Using WorldView -2 high resolution image as data source, the authors extracted the tailing ponds in Chengui town with visual interpretation method. There were 74 small tailing ponds, occupying 58.95 hm^2. With the nearest distance method, the authors drew a conclusion that the degree of the four ground features affected by pond hazard was in order of road 〉 water 〉 farmland 〉 residential area. Then the DEM of Daye City was selected to simulate the river system and contour profile information, and extracted the data of the hierarchical river stream and catchment watershed. With the watershed as a unit, the area of the environment impacted by the small tailing ponds was marked off, and the acreage area reached 59.96 km2. Combining the watershed analysis data with the distribution characteristics and law of the small tailing ponds, the authors further analyzed the effect of the small tailing ponds on the environment, thus providing valuable references for the relevant departments to reinforce environmental supervision and ecology management of the small tailing ponds. It is shown that the remote sensing technology will play an important role in the analysis of distribution characteristics and environmental effect of the small tailing ponds.