画派的界定标准、时代性及其他——与周积寅先生商榷

Standard and Contemporaneity of Defining a Painting School: A Discussion with Mr. Zhou Jiyin

当代对画派的认知存在着过于宽泛和过于狭窄两种倾向。20世纪五六十年代以来,一大批前辈学者将"扬州八怪"正名为"扬州画派",已突破传统的画派界定理论。其后,"清初金陵画派"的提出与之一脉相承。画派界定应紧系特定时代的历史情境,综合考察其思想倾向、审美取向、风格特征和个性差异。和而不同是一个画派生命力的昭示。20世纪"新金陵画派"、"长安画派"等是时代造就,约定俗成,实至名归。有人生搬硬套古代封闭状态下形成的画派观,以"传承关系一致"作为"风格"的核心标准,否认这些画派;将正常的学术分歧扣上"打造画派的理论先导"帽子,有失学者风范。文章还认为当今画派热是具有丰富复杂的时代内涵的文化现象,正面、负面同时存在,应具体分析,不应全盘否定。

The definition of painting school should be closely related to the temporal historical situation. The thought tendency, aesthetic orientation, style, and individual differences are necessarily surveyed comprehensively. New Jin- ling painting school and Chang＇am painting school was established in 20th century, and they deserve their names. Con- fined to painting school view formed in a closed situation in ancient times, Mr. Zhou Jiyin denies these painting schools and says that it is an act of forging painting school. We could not agree with Mr. Zhou in this point.