文化视野下的艺术史观:温克尔曼史学思想探微

Art History View in a Cultural Vision: An Exploration of Winckelmann's History Opinion

温克尔曼是18世纪古代希腊艺术史研究的杰出代表人物之一,他的艺术史理论体系综合体现了德国民族当时的社会倾向和理想。他的史学思想博大精深,主要特色体现在三个方面:其一,在文化视野下对艺术史进行综合研究的有机整体观;其二,运用了艺术史研究新方法,即引入比较研究法、实物考古学方法和风格学方法;其三,体现了优美流畅的撰述方式。他找寻到合理有效的新方法,能够驾驭表面上杂乱无章、纷繁复杂的史料,并对之进行整理、综合、评价与建构,从而为其后的艺术史研究开辟出一条新路。重温温克尔曼的史学思想,对今日的艺术史研究仍富有重要启发意义。

Winckelmann is one of distinguished representative figures in studying ancient Greek art history in 18th cen- tury. His art history theory comprehensively reflects social trend and ideal in Germany of that time, and it mainly has three characteristics. Firstly, he makes integrated studies upon art history in a cultural vision. Secondly, he uses new methods such as comparison, archaeology, stylistics. Thirdly, he has an elegant and fluent writing style.