河西走廊灌漠土有机与无机肥料配合施用对作物产量长期影响研究

A Study on Long-term Effect of Combined Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Irrigated Desert Soil in Hexi Corridor

采用单形格子配方试验设计方法,对河西走廊灌漠土高产农田中农肥、绿肥、秸秆和尿素配合施用对产量的影响进行了17年的定位试验研究,建立了不同试验阶段数学模型并进行了分析。结果表明,河西走廊灌漠土区影响产量作用大小的排列顺序为:尿素>绿肥≥农肥>秸秆。化学肥料尿素是河西走廊高产的保证,配合尿素种植绿肥或施用农肥可以更加稳产,秸秆在试验前期无效或有负效应,但12年后有明显的增产作用。河西走廊灌漠土区有机与无机肥料配合施用的最优方案是:农肥21169 kg hm-2,绿肥8704 kg hm-2,尿素为514 kg hm-2,所能达到的目标产量17年平均是10156 kg hm-2。

The effect of combined application of farmyard manure, green manure, straw, and urea on crop yield was studied in a long-term located experiment （1988 - 2004） in an irrigated desert soil of Hexi Corridor. A simplex lattice design was adopted and a mathematical model of crop yields against varied factors at different experimental stages were established. The experimental results of main effect and interaction analysis with the established model showed that the influence of the factors on yields had the sequence of urea 〉 green manure I〉 farmyard manure 〉 straw. The experimental results also showed that urea was necessary to produce a high yield for the soil. And urea combined with green manure, or with farmyard manure could stabilize the productivity of the soil. Straw application had a negative effect on the yield. The application rates of different fertilizers in the optimal combination should be： farmyard manure, 21169 kg hm-2; green manure, 8704 kg hm-2; urea, 514 kg hm-2; and the target yield over 17 years was averagely 10156 kg hm-2.