美国开发表现标准行动的回顾与借鉴

The Development of Performance Standards in America: Review and Enlightenment

内容标准回答了学生应知与所能,表现标准则进一步回答了学生应学到什么程度。美国开发表现标准的一个重要出发点,乃出于建立完整的评价体系之考虑,以便建设世界级课程和增加国家核心竞争力。从政策性表现标准到具体的分界分数,它们构成了表现标准的连续体。

Content standards describe what students should know and be able to do, while performance standards answer the question how good is good enough. The Unite states hunches developing performance standards in order to build comprehensive assessment system so as to construct world-class curriculum and improve the national core competitive power. Performance standards system is a continuum ranging from political performance standards to cut-scores. At national level,NAEP develops the political performance standards. And at socia/ level, New Standards Projects develops the subject performance standards in grade or section, which are typical among performance standards. Under the stress of accountability, states try to develop performance standards, which are performance standards in grade or section similar to New Standards Projects, and address to set cut-scores for student achievement reporting.