清代京师流民问题与社会控制

Refugee Problems and the Social Control of the Qing Dynasty in Beijing

中国封建社会末期的清代流民问题尤为严重。在京师地区,受自然灾害、社会矛盾、民族矛盾等因素的影响,流民充斥街巷,给京师社会、经济、秩序稳定带来严重威胁。为此,清代统治者试图通过开办粥厂截留流民,以及留养、资遣等举措消弭流民对京师社会秩序的冲击,京师地区逐渐形成了一套结构完整的流民应对机制,这套机制对维护京师社会秩序具有重要意义。

The problem of refugees is an important social problem in the traditional China. In the Qing Dynasty, the refugee phenomenon become more serious. Affected by natural disasters, social conflicts, ethnic conflicts and other factors, refugees gathered In the Capital region. It seriously threat Capital social order. The Rulers tried to eliminate the refugee＇s negative impact through a se- ries of initiatives. In the long - term relief process of practice, the Capital region has formed a set of refugee coping mechanisms, it ef- fectively safeguarded the stability of the Capital social order.