湖北省十二年出生缺陷监测分析

Monitoring of the birth defects in 12 years in Hubei province.

目的 :了解湖北地区出生缺陷发生及分布情况 ,掌握严重和高发出生缺陷变动趋势 ,为今后开展研究工作及有关部门制定政策提供参考依据。方法 :按全国出生缺陷监测网要求 ,1986年 10月至 1998年 12月对孕 2 8周至产后 7天的围产儿进行监测。结果 :12年共监测围产儿 2 6 2 783例 ,发现畸形儿 1999例 ,平均出生缺陷发生率 7 6 1‰ ;男婴出生缺陷发生率明显高于女婴 (P <0 .0 0 1)。面耳颈部、肌肉骨胳系统畸形在顺位中处于第一或第二位 ,中枢神经系统先天畸形 10年居于第三位。 12年高发畸形依次为总唇裂、腭裂 (14 92 /万 ) ,指趾畸形 (12 18/万 ) ,中枢神经系统畸形 (9 5 5 /万 )。前后 6年比较 ,中枢神经系统先天畸形缺陷发生率处于全国较低水平 ,面耳颈部、肌肉骨胳系统畸形是主要畸形 ,中枢神经系统畸形是主要严重畸形。应积极开展产前诊断监测及围产保健 ,提高监测质量 ,防止发生出生缺陷 ,提高人口素质。

Objective:Monitoring the prevalence rates and distribution of the birth defects in Hubei,grasping the tendency of serious and high?prevalence birth defect and providing the reference basis for study and formulating an intervertion policy.Methods:to monitore the perinatal infants of 28 weeks gestation to 7 days after delivery from 1986 to 1998.Results:There were total 262783 cases of perinatal infants monitores,among which 1999 cases of birth defects founded(7.61‰),The orders of the defects were defects of face,auris,neck at the first,the defects of musculoskeletal system at the second,and CNS malformulation at the third steadily in the ten years.The high prevalence defects were cleft lip and cleft palate,malformdactyly hypospadias,CNS malformulation in sequence in 12 years,and the rates were 14.92 per 10,000,12.18 per 10,000,9.55 per 10,000 respectivly.The incidence of the defects of CNS had significant difference between the forth 6 years and the later 6 years.prenatal diagnosis effected the prevalence of the defects,advancing the position of the birth deffects of cardiovascular system,urogenitalis system and digestive system.