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美国贫困门槛的发展及对中国的启示 被引量:4

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摘要 20世纪60年代,美国农业部根据经济学家奥珊斯基的建议首次制定了美国官方贫困门槛,而奥珊斯基的贫困门槛则基于营养支出法和恩格尔系数法计算得到。美国的贫困线兼具绝对性和相对性。一方面,美国贫困门槛建立于绝对贫困的概念之上,属于一种绝对贫困线。另一方面,美国的贫困门槛以全体人口的消费类型为依据制定,也即参考了当时社会的实际平均生活水平,也是一种相对贫困线。对美国贫困门槛的发展进行研究,不仅具有学术上的理论价值,而且对中国贫困线制度的建立和完善具有重要的现实意义。美国贫困线制度对中国的启示体现在三个方面:第一,建立国家贫困线制度;第二,建立贫困线的正常调整机制;第三,规范贫困线的计算方法。
作者 杨立雄
出处 《中州学刊》 CSSCI 北大核心 2013年第3期88-95,共8页 Academic Journal of Zhongzhou
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