抗生素制药废水有机污染物分布特性研究

Distribution characteristics of organic pollutants in antibiotic pharmaceutical wastewater

采用气相色谱/质谱法对β-内酰胺类抗生素制药废水中有机污染物进行了定性与定量分析,得到了废水中有机污染物的种类、相对含量及分子量分布特性。通过理论COD计算公式,计算分析了废水中有机污染物对COD指标的贡献程度。结果表明,该类废水中含有84种有机物,其中以胺类、烷烃类和烯烃类有机物的相对含量最高。有机污染物的分子量集中在100～400,分子量小于100或大于500的有机物含量相对较低,其中分子量在100～200的有机物含量最大。通过对比有机污染物的理论COD贡献度可知,胺类、烷烃类和烯烃类有机物含量对废水污染负荷影响最大。根据有机物污染源分析,提出了此类抗生素制药废水合理化处理的生产工艺建议和处理工艺方案。

The organic pollutants in β-lactam antibiotic pharmaceutical wastewater were qualitative and quantitative analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） method. The types, relative contents and molecular weights of these organic pollutants were obtained through the analyzing of detecting data. Base on the calculation equation of theoretical COD, the contribution degrees of different organic pollutants to the COD index were calculated. There were 84 kinds of organic pollutants found in pharmaceutical wastewater,among which, amines,alkane and al- kene types contributed the highest relative contents. The molecular weights of these organic pollutants mainly ranged in 100-400,less of them lighter than 100 or heaver than 500. The contribution degrees of organic pollutants to theoreti- cal COD showed that relative contents of amines,alkane and alkene mostly affected the pollution load of pharmaceutical wastewater. The appropriate treatment projects of this kind wastewater were propounded by the organic pollution resource analysis.