基于湖泊形态分析的旅游开发适宜性评价——以大梁子湖为例

SUITABILITY ASSESSMENT OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT BASED ON LAKE MORPHOLOGY ANALYSIS——A CASE OF THE GREAT LIANGZI LAKE

在旅游开发建设压力下,湖泊生态环境面临巨大挑战。湖泊旅游开发适宜性评价鲜少从湖泊形态入手,而湖泊形态参数所揭示的湖泊水文特征会在一定程度上对旅游开发造成影响。以GIS技术为工具,选取大梁子湖分形几何维数和欧式几何形态指标(岸线发育系数、形状率、近圆率、紧凑度、空间包容面积)作为湖泊形态参数,通过Mapgis软件分析,获得大梁子湖湖泊形态分形维数为1.549,同时进一步计算出构成大梁子湖的6大湖泊的欧式几何形态指标,以此构建基于湖泊形态的旅游开发适宜性评价指标体系,建立湖泊形态和旅游开发适宜性关系模型,揭示湖泊水文特征与景观吸引力、生态脆弱程度、旅游环境安全性以及游客环境容量等旅游开发适宜性指标的内在联系,为湖泊旅游开发决策提供科学依据。

Ecological environment of lake,which is the basis of the development of lake tourism,has been threatened by urban sprawl.Under the pressure of tourism development and construction,lake ecological environment is facing enormous challenges.Suitability assessment of lake tourism development rarely starts from the lake morphology.Academic-related research on lake tourism development potential and suitability assessment is less.Usually the quality of lake resources,development conditions and the limiting factor are selected as suitability assessment indicators of tourism development,while lake morphology parameters are usually excluded.The lake hydrological characteristics that revealed by lake morphology parameters will impact on tourism development to some extent.In this study,GIS was applied as a tool,fractal geometry dimension and Euclidean geometry index（shoreline development index,form ratio,circularity ratio,compactness ratio,space inclusive area） were selected to build index system of suitability assessment and to reveal the correlation of the lake hydrology and suitability assessment indicators,including landscape attractive,ecological vulnerability,tourism environmental safety as well as tourists environmental capacity.The great Liangzi Lake consisted of six small lakes was taken as an example in this paper.The fractal dimension of the great Liangzi Lake was analyzed by Mapgis software for 1.549.Further Euclidean geometry index of the six lakes was calculated.The fractal dimension and the five Euclidean geometry index jointly revealed the suitability of tourism development.Eventually,the association model on lake morphology parameters and tourism development suitability was built to provide a scientific basis for lake tourism development decision-making,with hope to give a better future to the great Liangzi Lake.