中国野生葡萄资源抗白腐病鉴定及抗性种质筛选

Identification and evaluation of resistance of Vitis to grape white rot

【目的】葡萄白腐病是引起葡萄减产的重要病害,葡萄白腐病不但在我国流行严重,在世界上主要葡萄产区都有发生,由于白腐病菌难以防治,挖掘抗病种质有利于抗病机制研究及抗病育种的开展。【方法】研究利用室内离体菌丝接种的方法,对收集到的中国野生葡萄种质17个种、亚种及种间杂种的35个株系进行葡萄抗白腐病鉴定。【结果】结果表明,中国野生葡萄不同种之间对白腐病的抗性存在差异,其中都安毛葡萄、塘尾葡萄实生、刺葡萄♂、刺葡萄♀、舞钢庙街桑叶、蘡薁武汉A1、灵宝变叶、燕山葡萄0947为抗病株系,刺葡萄♂为最抗病的株系,是研究抗白腐病机理的理想材料。【结论】在中国野生葡萄中存在葡萄白腐病的抗性植株。

[Objective]White rot [Coniothyrium diplodiUa （Speg.） Sacc.] is the main fungal disease in Chi- na. White-rot disease is one of main disease causing production loss of grapes. The disease is also found in most grape growing regions of the world, and shear on grapevines results in poor berry quality and weakens the vines grown in warm and humid climates. This pathogenic fungus attacks all aerial parts of the vine and overwinters in dead canes and fruits, thus making its control very difficult. It is important to select white- rot-resistant grape varieties, since grape culti^ars have varying susceptibility to Coniothyrium diplodilla. [Method] This study explored the Chinese wild grapes to excavate germplasm with resistance to white-rot disease. The method was interior inoculation. ＇Red globe＇ and ＇ Concord＇ being contrast variety, and re- sistance to white rot in 35 accessions of 17 Chinese wild Vitis species was evaluated. [Result]Duan maop- utao, Tangweishesheng, Ciputao ♂ , ciputao ♀ , wugang miaojie sangye, Yingyu wuhanA1, Lingbao- bianye, Yanshang0947 were resistant strairis. Ciputao ♂ was the most resistant strain. It was the ideal ma- terial to study the resistant mechanism of white rot disease. [Conclusion]There were while-rot resistant strains in Chinese wild grapes.