国家叙事中的性别平等——也谈毛评本《三国演义》的女性观

On the Gender Equality in the National Narrative:Focusing on the View of Woman in Romance of the Three Kingdoms by the Version of Mao's Comments

学界对《三国演义》中的女性形象以及蕴涵其中的女性观多持批评的态度,认为它是男性中心主义的产物。事实上,现存最早嘉靖本《三国演义》对历史上一些女性形象已经做了正面的艺术加工,让女性在国家叙事中拥有一席之地,其它众多版本在性别问题上都拥有这一基本特征。毛纶、毛宗岗父子通过改写和评语,进一步提升了女性在国家宏大叙事中的地位和价值。毛评本作为宏大叙事的典范文本,虽然受限于时代,尤其是受限于题材与文本疆域,没有也不可能关注现代性别理论所要求的女性的个体情感需要与生命逻辑,但是,却从宏观的角度,为男女性别平等做出了超越时代的、难能可贵的努力和贡献。

The images and the views of women in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms have been criticized which have been regarded as an andro - centric product. In fact, the images of women in history in the earliest surviving version of Romance of the Three Kingdoms in Jiajing period have been made a positive artistic process so that the women have a place in the national narrative, and this basic characteristics have been kept in many other versions. Mao Lun and his son Mao Zonggang enhanced more the status and value of women in the national narrative by rewriting and reviews. Although limited by the times, especially limited in subject matter and text, Mao Lun and his son couldnt concern the modern women＇s individual emotional needs and life in his version, they has made valuable efforts and contributions for the gender equality beyond his era.