认知视角下汉语“师傅”一词的追根溯源

Trace the Chinese Word “Shi Fu” to its Source from Cognitive Perspective

实际使用中的语言经历着一个约定俗成的过程,汉语"师傅"一词也不例外。结合词汇语用学和认知语言学的相关知识,"师傅"一词多个含义引发了我们进一步思考:"师傅"一词的约定俗成经历了怎样一个语用认知过程?语言符号"师傅"如何从自身的任意性演变为被人们赋予一定的语义进而成为人们口耳相传的在特定语境中表达特定含义的词语?文章通过讲述"师傅"一词的语义演变引发一词多义、语用扩充、语用收窄、宽式推论等概念的关系,探讨、解读"师傅"一词的语用成因,进而为认知语言学的体验性认知提供另一语言实例。

The actual use of language has experienced a process of a conventionalization,so has the Chinese word ＂shi fu＂.Combining with the relative knowledge of lexical pragmatics and cognitive linguistics,more than one meaning of the word ＂shi fu＂ arouses our further thinking： what kind of pragmatic and cognitive process has the conventionalization of shi fu experienced？ How does such a linguistic sign ＂shi fu＂evolve from its arbitrariness to an element which was given certain meanings and thus become a word in particular context of daily communication among people？ This article tries to detour the origin about ＂shi fu＂ through illuminating the relationship among several concepts： polysemy,broadening,narrowing and broadening inference so as to provide embodied cognition with another example.