中日与中美产业内贸易及影响因素比较研究

A Comparative Study between Sino-Japan Intra-industry Trade and Sino-USA Intra-industry Trade as well as Its Influencing Factors

利用UN COMTRADE数据库SITC一位数分类数据计算了中日和中美的产业内贸易指数,发现中日两国间的产业内贸易指数较高并呈现出上升的趋势,具有明显的产业内贸易特征。而中美两国间的产业内贸易指数相比中日的贸易系数较小,并呈现出下降的趋势,表现出更多的产业间贸易特征。FDI和市场开放是促进中日和中美产业内贸易的重要因素,由于日美两国对华FDI的类型不同,日本对华FDI相比美国对华FDI更能促进两国产业内贸易的发展。

This paper measured the GL index between China and Japan as well as between China and USA using the data of UN COMTRADE. The results show that the index between China and Japan is higher than the index between China and USA. Furthermore, the index between China and Japan is increasing over time while the index between China and USA is decreasing. We can say that the trade between China and Japan has obvious characteristics ofintra-industry trade, however, the trade between China and USA represents more characteristics of inter-industry trade. The FDI and market openness can promote the development of intra-industry trade. Because the FDI from Japan and USA belong to different types. The FDI from Japan can make more contribution to expansion of the intra-industry trade than the FDI from USA.