人工湿地中微生物数量与污染物去除的关系

Number of Microbe and Relationship between It and Removal of Pollutants in Constructed Wetlands

为了探讨处理微污染河水的人工湿地中微生物数量及其对污染物净化效果的影响,在野外构建芦竹(Arundo donax)、菖蒲(Acorus calamus)水平潜流人工湿地,并设置空白湿地为参照。研究结果表明,栽种植物对人工湿地中氨氮(NH4+—N)和总氮(TN)的去除具有一定作用,但对总磷(TP)和高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)去除影响较小。实验人工湿地中,下层基质中的微生物数量低于上层基质。芦竹湿地中,上层基质和下层基质微生物数量的典型变量具有线性关系(R2>0.9)。人工湿地中微生物数量与水温具有显著正相关关系,栽种植物能够增加人工湿地的微生物数量。人工湿地微生物数量与NH4+—N、TP和CODMn的去除率不相关,但与TN去除率显著正相关。栽种植物能够改善人工湿地微生物数量与TN去除率之间的关系,但植物种类对微生物脱氮作用影响不明显。

In order to indicate the number of microbe and its impact on purification efficiencies of pollutants in constructed wetlands treating slightly polluted river water,two constructed wetlands planted with Arundo domax and Acorus calamus were built under field conditions,with an unplanted constructed wetland as a control.The results showed macrophyte played roles in improving removal of ammonium （NH4＋ —N） and total nitrogen （TN）,but the impact was less on removal of total phosphorus （TP） and permanganate index （COD Mn）.Microbial quantity in bottom fillers was less than that in top fillers in constructed wetlands.There were significantly linear relationships between canonical variable of the number of microbe in top and bottom substrates in constructed wetland planted with Arundo domax （R2 0.9）.The relationship between the number of microbe and water temperature was significantly positive,and the number of microbe could be improved by planting macrophyte.There was no significant positive correlation between the number of microbe and NH4＋ —N,TP and COD Mn,except TN removal.Relationships between number of microbes and removal of TN could be stimulated by macrophyte,but the impact of macrophyte species on the microbial nitrogen removal process was not significantly.