冲突与和解:近代早期英国社会民间信贷及债务纠纷

Conflicts and Reconciliation:Folk Credit and Debt Disputes in Early Modern England Society

民间信贷及债务纠纷是近代早期英国社会一个普遍关注的问题。文章从市场经济、资本主义兴起的影响入手,指出信贷及其纠纷的产生有着深刻的社会、经济、文化背景,反映了新教个人主义与传统睦邻文化的冲突,但冲突并不是决裂,在一个特定的历史时期,这两种文化包容共存。要理解信贷和债务问题的解决,必须从文化和社会史的多维视角去理解市场、信贷和债务关系,近代早期英国民间信贷纠纷的多元化解决机制是当时社会管理的创新,对当前我国民间借贷纠纷的解决仍有重要的启示和借鉴意义。

The issue of folk credit and debt disputes was of widespread concern in early modern England society. From the perspective of the effects of market economy and the rise of capitalism, it points out that the occurrence of credit and related disputes depends on pro- found social, economic and cultural background, a response to the conflict between protes tant individualism and traditional good-neighborly culture, but owing to the in-equivalence of conflict and rupture, protestant individualism and traditional good-neighborly culture toler- antly coexist in particular historical period. To understand credit and the solution of debt problems, we should comprehend the relationship among market, credit and debts. The di- versified dispute resolution mechanism of folk credit disputes in early modern England, an innovation of then social management, is of important value to the solution to folk credit dis- putes in Key China.