基于次序权重平均法的购房选择地理空间多准则决策

Spatial Multi-criteria Decision Making for House Location Selection by Ordered Weighted Averaging Approach

居民的购房选择是对居住区位进行选择的复杂过程,其实质是居住空间的个人行为决策问题。在调研工作基础上,论文分析并构建了居民购房选择决策评价指标体系,以北京市为实验区应用GIS制作居住适宜性基础准则(指标)地图。研究一种可以适应购房者差异化的购房需求与偏好的购房地理空间决策方法,通过层次分析法提取购房个体的偏好信息,确定个人准则权重。采用次序加权平均算法(Ordered Weighted Averaging,OWA)针对个人准则权重计算个人次序权重,结合二者对居住适宜性基础准则地图进行集结,计算多种决策风险下的个人居住适宜性准则地图,对意向住房进行分析评价,动态生成相应决策方案,为购房者提供购房决策支持,减少主观意愿与客观环境带来的决策风险。最后通过一个实验对以上方法进行实现。

The house location selection is a complicated process in living space selection, in fact it is a personal living space decision. On the basis of in-site investigation, this paper builds an evaluation factor system in housing stability, including business service, road service, education service, and medical service. By using improved evaluation algorithm for Services Accessibility based on Gravity Model, the criterion thematic maps in housing stability were complied. AHP （Analytic Hierarchy Process） approach was applied to extract the information of individual needs and preferences to create the individual criterion weight scheme. OWA method was used to aggregate individual criterion weight and ordered weight into individual criterion thematic map in housing stability. In the individual constraint conditions, this approach can present a decision-making reference to the public by thematic maps. Finally, this paper discusses the effects of decision-making risk and presents the applicability of OWA in house-buying based on individual characterization.