计划生育政策降低了居民的幸福感吗--80后一代视角的研究

Does Family Planning Policy Reduce People's Sense of Happiness? A Post-80 Generation Perspective

针对计划生育政策降低了我国居民幸福感的问题,使用兄弟姐妹数量代理计划生育政策的影响,在CGSS2008数据的基础上从80后的视角对此问题进行了深入研究。研究发现:(1)80后居民的幸福感随兄弟姐妹数量增加而显著降低;(2)在兄、弟、姐、妹中,哥哥数量是幸福感降低的最重要因素;(3)对于46～55岁的中老年人来说,孩子数量减少并没有降低其幸福感。在我国教育、社会保障等公共资源相对稀缺的现实下,计划生育政策不但没有降低反而提高了我国居民的幸福感。因此,未来计划生育政策调整应当着眼于提高人口质量、促进性别比例平衡,这样不仅能有效应对老龄化及劳动力供给减少问题,更有利于提高居民的幸福感。

Drawing upon data from the 2008 Chinese General Social Survey, this paper examines the impact of China＇ s family planning policy on people＇ s sense of happiness, with the number of siblings as the proxy of the family planning policy effect. Research findings are summarized as follows： （ 1 ） The sense of happiness of the post - 80 generation is significantly reduced with the increase of the number of siblings; （2） Among brothers and sisters, the number of the elder brothers is the most prominent determinant in reducing the sense of happiness; （3） As for the middle - aged and older people, reduction in the number of children has no significant influence on their subjective well - being. In the context of scarcity of education and social security resources, China＇ s family planning policy has enhanced rather than reduced people＇ sense of happiness. Hence, future adjustment of the family planning policy could further improve people＇ s happiness by addressing gender imbalance, ageing and decreasing labour supply.