泌阳地区居民冬季饮水暴露参数研究

Drinking water exposure factors among residents in Biyang area in winter

目的了解我国北方地区冬季的饮水率状况,并与该地区夏秋季研究结果对比,探讨饮水率的季节差异性。方法 2009年2—3月,采用问卷调查与实际测量相结合的方法,在夏秋季对河南泌阳调查的2 500人基础上抽取1 000人对冬季饮水情况进行研究,主要包括居民的直接饮水和食物间接饮水的摄入情况,并与夏秋季结果进行比较。结果该地区居民冬季总饮水率均值为1 507.9 ml/d,比夏秋季低44.6%,直接饮水率和间接饮水率均值分别为224.1、1 283.9 ml/d,分别比夏秋季低78.2%,24.5%,且均具有季节性差异,同时在城市和农村居民中也有显著的季节性差异。结论进行饮水健康风险评价时需考虑季节因素对饮水率的影响,该地区居民冬季饮水率的研究结果可应用于具有与河南泌阳类似的地理、气候或生活习惯特点的城市或其他国家和地区。

Objective To acquire the winter drinking water intake rate in Biyang area, and to diseuss the seasonal variation on intake rates compared with those in summer and autumn. Methods In Feb and Mar ,2009, direct drinking water intake rate and indirect drinking water intake rate from food in winter were investigated using questionnaire survey and real measurement methods in 1 000 subjects selected from 2 500 subjects in former investigation of summer and autumn in Biyang county, He＇nan. Results The average total drinking water intake rate was 1 507.9 ml/d in winter, which was lower by 44.6% in summer and autumn. The average direct and indirect drinking water intake rates were found respectively to be 224.1ml/d, 1 283.9 ml/d in winter, which were lower by 78.2% and 24.5% in summer and autumn. Significant seasonal differences were found in total drinking water, direct drinking water and indirect drinking water as well as on urban and rural drinking water intake rate. Conclusion Seasonal variation of drinking water exposure factors should be taken into account in health risk assessment on drinking water intake rate to improve the accuracy of the risk assessment.