陕西凤栖原西汉墓M25耳室土壤中金属元素空间分布规律研究

A Study on the Spatial Distribution Pattern of Metal Elements in the Soil in the Side Chamber of Western Han Tomb M25 in Fengqiyuan, Shaanxi Province

张安世墓是一座王侯级别的大型墓葬群。为了解金属文物赋存的土壤中有关金属元素的空间分布规律,本研究以该墓群M25耳室为研究对象,采集考古发掘现场地面土壤,采用ICP-MS和便携式X荧光设备进行多金属元素分析。分析结果表明,金属元素在土壤中因腐蚀而迁移是在有限的范围内。随着距青铜器文物水平面距离的增加,Cu、Pb浓度衰减变化呈指数下降趋势,腐蚀范围可达7cm;从纵深分布上看,金属元素的扩散在2cm范围内。铁器的水平腐蚀范围为3-5cm,小于青铜器腐蚀范围。便携式X荧光分析结果与ICP-MS分析结果吻合较好,对于Cu、Pb、Hg这类具有很好指示性的重金属元素,采用便携式X荧光分析可以为考古发掘现场出土文物的发掘提供文物埋藏信息。

The cemetery of Zhang Anshi refers to a group of large tombs of a princely level. In order to understand the spatial distribution pattern of metal elements in the soil where metal cultural relics were once kept, this paper studies the side chamber of Tomb M25 by collecting its ground soil and analyzing it with ICP-MS and portable X-ray Fluorescence. As the research results indicate, the transmigration of metal elements in soil caused by corrosion is confined to a limited extent. As the distance from the bronze relics to the ground level increases, the Cu and Pb concentrations exponentially decrease, creating a corrosion range of 7 cm. The vertical corrosion range of metal elements is 2 cm, while the horizontal corrosion range of the iron relics is between 3 and 5 cm. The result from the ICP-MS analysis is consistent with that from the X- ray Fluorescence. This indicates that, as for the indicative metal elements, X-ray Fluorescence can be used to provide information for the buried cultural relics in the archaeological sites.