金融部门利润与平均利润--基于资本功能维度的分析

The Financial Sector Profit and Average Profit:Based on the Dimension of Capital Function

虽然金融部门利润不是产业利润,但是它唯一的源泉还是生产过程中工人的活劳动。在金融部门执行不同功能的资本,其获得利润的方式各不相同,与平均利润的关系也大相径庭。实证分析表明:金融化之后,美国金融部门参与利润分配的份额明显提高;总体上,金融部门的利润率超过了平均利润率。不同于传统的榨取方式,金融业资本通过对收入和剩余价值的转移而获得超额利润。金融产品的低成本性和强创新性,也是金融部门能保持超额利润水平的重要原因。在实体经济利润长期停滞的条件下,金融部门利润率提高既是金融化的原因也是进一步金融化的结果。

The financial sector profit is not the industry profit, but the living labor of workers in the produc- tion process is the only source of it. Capitals In the financial sector perform different functions, whose profit obtained ways each are not identical, so the relationships between average profit can be quite different. The empirical analysis shows that： the United States financial sector in the distribution of profits share increased significantly, when the financialization has taken place; and on the whole, the rate of profit in fmancial sec- tor exceeds the average rate of profit. Financial capital obtains excess profit in the way of transforming income and surplus value, which is different from the traditional squeeze mode. The characteristics in low cost and strong innovation of financial products, is also an important reason for the financial sector to keep excess profit level. Under the conditions of long - term stagnation in the real economic profit, the improved profit rate in the financial sector is reason for financialization, and also the result of furthering financialization.