工资集体协商制度的工资效应与员工异质性——对杭州市企业调查数据的分析

The Effects of Collective Wage Consultation System and Heterogeneity of Employees:Based on Enterprise Survey Data in Hangzhou

文章利用2011年杭州市企业调查数据评估了工资集体协商制度对基层员工工资的影响。研究发现:(1)工资集体协商制度的实施不仅未能如政策预期那样促进员工工资的提高,反而对其工资有显著负效应;(2)与处于收入分布低分位处的员工相比,这一负工资效应对中、高分位处的员工更为显著;(3)这一工资效应的大小与员工个体特征异质性有关:对年轻(30岁及以下)、高学历和技能型员工的工资均有显著的负向影响,但对其他类型员工工资的影响不显著;(4)学历、技术、工作经验、城市户口等工资集体协商制度以外的个体特征因素会对不同分位处的员工工资产生不同程度的显著正向作用。因此,改善工资集体协商制度的实施效果,不仅要加强制度自身建设,还要考虑到不同劳动者对组织的制度保护的需求,创造有效实施的体制环境。

This paper evaluates the effects of collective wage consultation system on wages of employees based on enterprise survey data in Hangzhou in 2011.It is found that the implementation of coEective wage consultation system not only fails to promote employees' wages as policy expected,but also puts significant negative effects on wages' promotion.The implementation also contributes more significant negative wage effects on the employees located in high quantile of income distribution compared to the employees in low quantile.The wage effects of this system are related to heterogeneity of employees' own characteristics,for instance it has a significant negative wage effect on employees who are young(30 years old and below) with high academic qualifications or skills,but makes no significant effects on other kinds of employees.Employees' own characteristics,such as academic qualification,skill,work experience and hukou,all make significant positive wage effects on employees located in different quantile of income distribution.Therefore,to enhance the effect of coEective wage consultation system,it needs not only to improve the system itself,but also to pay attention to different labors' demand to organized system protection and to create corresponding system environment.