作物水生产力评估方法研究

A Review of Evaluation Methods of Crop Water Productivity

农业用水作为消耗水资源最多的部分,在全球和区域水资源消耗中占据很大比例.农业水生产力的评价对于改进区域农业水资源利用方式,促进农业经济发展具有重要意义,尤其是在水资源匮乏地区.首先阐述了作物水生产力的基本概念,分析了影响作物水生产力的核心要素;其次总结了作物水生产力的评价方法,将其分为收获方法、模型方法和集成遥感或GIS的模型方法,并分析了这三类方法优缺点;最后对作物水生产力研究发展趋势进行了展望,认为将RS或GIS与模型结合用来估算作物水生产力的方法,将是目前研究的发展方向.

Water consumption in agriculture is the most part of water resources consumption in both global and regional scales.Valuation of agricultural water productivity is of importance for improving the local agricultural water resources utilization,especially in the arid areas.In this paper,first,the basic concept of crop water productivity(CWP) is introduced,and the core of its affecting factors is analyzed.Then,the evaluation methods of CWP are summarized and divided into the harvest method,the model method and the integrated RS(or GIS) method.The advantages and disadvantages of these three methods are discussed.Finally,the development trend of research on CWP is prospected,and it is considered that the method of RS(or GIS) combined with model method to estimate the CWP will be better in the future.