新疆地区维吾尔族与汉族女性骨盆产科生理常数测量及其临床意义

The measurement and clinical significance of the Han and Uigur female pelvis in the region of Xinjiang.

目的探讨新疆地区生育活跃期维吾尔族及汉族女性骨盆生理常数及其临床意义。方法自2012年1月至12月总结新疆地区生育活跃期汉族及维吾尔族女性各90例,南方汉族女性109例,利用数字化三维重建技术及骨盆数字化测量技术测量其骨盆的主要产科径线及角度,得出新疆汉族及维吾尔族育龄女性骨盆的生理常数值,并对各组数值进行比较。结果 90例维吾尔族女性中有18例存在尾骨上翘,而汉族女性中未见(P<0.05);新疆地区汉族与维吾尔族女性在骨盆入口平面各条径线的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各径线差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。新疆地区汉族女性入口后矢状径(52.79±7.64)mm较南方汉族女性后矢状径(47.70±8.43)mm明显增大(P<0.05),但入口前后径(115.26±8.34)mm又较南方汉族女性入口前后径(122.40±8.27)mm明显减少(P<0.05)。结论新疆地区女性骨盆的生理常数值具有自己的特点,地区内不同种族间也有一定差异。在制定产科径线标准上,要考虑到不同民族、不同地域间的差异性。

Objective To investigate the anatomical characteristics and the clinical significance of the Han and Uigur female pelvis in the region of Xinjiang. Methods The pelvis of child-bearing period women were studied and divided into 3 groups： Xinjiang Hart group, Xinjiang Uigur group and The Han group in the South, then the obstetric diameters were observed and analyzed by using the methods of three-dimensional reconstruction and three-dimensional measurement. Resuits The percentage of sacrococcygeal joint abnormalities in Xinjiang Uigur group are more remarkably increased （P〈0.05） than that of the other groups. Differences are significant in obstetric diameters in the plane of pelvic inlet between the Han nationality group and Uignr ethnic group （P〈0.05 ）, but there is no significant difference about the diameters in other planes. The sagittal entrance diameter of Xinjiang Han group are shaply increased（P〈0. 05 ） and the conjugate of the inlet decreased（P〈0.05） compared with that of the South Hart group. Conclusion Female pelvis has its own characteristics , racial differences and regional differences,so we should pay a attention to these differences in clinical work.