四川省植烟区土壤肥力评价

Evaluation on Soil Fertility in Sichuan Tobacco Planting Areas

为了解四川省植烟土壤肥力状况,采用主成分分析和聚类分析相结合的方法,对四川省植烟土壤肥力进行了评价,并对土壤肥力的限制因子进行了分析。结果表明:(1)研究区土壤肥力因子处于中等至强变异强度,有效硫及微量元素的变异强度较大,变异系数均大于90%;(2)全量和速效养分对土壤肥力的影响要高于微量元素,氮素和磷素的影响要高于钾素,有机质和pH的影响也较大;(3)土样综合肥力指标(IFI)值的得分为0.0928～0.5074,聚类分析将其分为高、中、低3个等级,各等级样点比例分别占10.78%、55.88%和33.34%;(4)有机质、全氮、全磷、速效养分、水溶性硼、有效锌、有效铁含量在3个肥力等级间差异达到了显著水平,是限制植烟土壤肥力的主要因子。此结果可为合理提升四川省植烟土壤肥力水平提供参考。

In order to clarify the soil fertility status of tobacco-growing soil in Sichuan Province, Soil samples were tested and soil fertility limiting factors were analyzed by using principal component analysis combined with the cluster analysis. The results showed （1） the soil fertility factors in the study area were from medium variability to strong variability, the variability of available sulfur and trace elements were intensive with variation coefficient more than 90%; （2） the influence on soil fertility by soil total nutrient contents and available nutrient contents was greater than that by the trace elements; that by nitrogen and phosphorus was greater than that by the potassium, and the organic matters and pH also had a greater influence; （3） the IFI values of soil samples were from 0.0928 to 0.5074. The IFI values were divided into the high, medium and low levels by the cluster analysis with their proportion 10.78%, 55.88% and 33.34% respectively; （4） the differences of organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nutrient, water-soluble boron, available zinc and available iron contents were significant in the three fertility degrees, which meant these were the main factors in limiting tobacco-growing soil fertility. These could provide a reference for rationally improving tobacco-growing soil fertility in Sichuan province.