中国3省农村居民健康状况及影响因素研究

Study on influencing factors of rural residents health in three provinces of China

目的了解我国农村居民的健康状况及影响因素,为今后农村健康教育工作规划提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样,对我国3省12岁以上1535位农村居民进行问卷调查,对数据进行Logistic分析。结果农村居民两周患病率15.7%,半年内高血压、糖尿病发病率分别为6.3%和1.1%;男性经常吸烟、经常饮酒、吃饭口味很咸比例分别为42.0%、6.9%和18.2%,均高于女性;饭前每次都洗手比例女性(48.9%)高于男性(39.6%)(P<0.01)。多因素分析两周患病率影响因素为文化程度(OR=0.723)、体育锻炼频次(OR=0.848)、饮酒频次(OR=2.035)和饭前洗手频次(OR=2.035);引起严重腹泻的影响因素为饭前洗手频次(OR=1.759);引起慢性病的影响因素为性别(OR=3.879)、年龄(OR=4.065)和慢性病预防素养(OR=1.141)。结论今后工作中要针对农村居民各项健康问题及健康影响因素,开展以健康促进为策略的社区卫生服务。

Objective To understand the health condition of rural residents in China and its influencing factors, and provide scientific evidence for rural health education plan in future. Methods With qualitative and quantitative meth od, investigate 1535 rural residents over 12 years old in 3 provinces China, and analyze the data by logistic. Results Two- week prevalence rate of rural residents is 15.7%, half year incidence rate of high blood pressure and diabetes are 6. 3% and 1.1%. The percentage of males who smoke frequently drinking frequently and eat salty is 42. 0%, 6. 9% and 18. 2%, respectively, which is found higher than females （48.9%）. Multivariate analysis showed that two-week morbidity rate in gen- eral literacy （ OR = 0. 723 ）, physical exercises （ OR = 0. 848 ）, drinking （ OR = 2. 035 ） to wash before dinner （ OR = 2. 035 ）, severe diarrhea rate in washing before dinner （ OR = 1. 759）, chronic disease rate in gender （ OR = 3. 879）, age （ OR = 4. 065 ）, prevention literacy （ OR = 1. 141 ）. Conclusion We shall conduct the community health services by a health oromotion stratev to focus on the rural residents＇ various health 13roblems and the factor affecting the wellness.