转植酸酶玉米生育期及秸秆还田期根际微生物数量和细菌菌群多样性

Quantity of Microorganism and Diversity of Bacterial Community in Rhizosphere of Transgenic Maize with Phytase Gene in Growth and Straw-returning Periods

在大田栽培条件下,以转植酸酶玉米10TPY005、非转植酸酶亲本玉米为试材,于2011年在玉米的不同生育期以及秸秆还田期对玉米根际土壤细菌、放线菌和真菌数量的变化情况进行了测定。结果表明:在同一时期同一种微生物数量在转植酸酶玉米、非转基因玉米及空白对照中基本相同;不同细菌菌群在不同时期内数量变化情况不同:氨化细菌的数量在生育期内明显高于秸秆还田期,好气性纤维素分解菌及好气性固氮菌的数量在生育期内明显低于秸秆还田期;整个生育期和秸秆还田期转植酸酶玉米3种群落特征参数(优势集中性、群落多样性、均匀度指数)均高于非转植酸酶玉米,同时生育期内3种生物群落特征参数也明显高于秸秆还田期。

The transgenic maize IOTPY005 with phytase gene and its non - transgenic parent were grown in field to study the quantitative changes of bacteria, actinomycete6 and fungi in maize rhizosphere at different growth stages and straw - returning stage in 2011. The diversity of the same microorganism at the same stage of transgenic maize was similar to that of non - transgenic maize and blank control, but the diversity of different communities varied at different stages. The quantity of ammonifying bacteria was significantly higher in growth period than that in straw - returning period, however, the quantities of aerobic cellulose - decomposing bacte- ria and aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria were lower in growth period. In the whole growth period and straw - re- turning period, the characteristic parameters （Simpson index, evenness index and the Shannon -Wiener in- dex） of the three populations were higher in transgenic maize than those in non -transgenic maize. And the three parameters in growth period were also obviously higher than those in straw -returning period.