湖北随州市食用菌产业发展现状、问题及对策

Development Status, Problems and Countermeasures of Mushroom Industry in Suizhou of Hubei Province

湖北省随州市是全国重要的食用菌生产基地,其香菇、木耳等在湖北省食用菌产业中占有举足轻重的地位,干香菇年产量更是常年位居全国第一。基于对随州市三里岗镇的实际调查,客观评估了随州市食用菌产业发展的基本状况。调查分析认为,培植林木资源、以企业为载体加强科技推广、实行标准化栽培、加强龙头企业和市场建设、强化品牌效应等措施有助于食用菌产业的健康发展;而菌林矛盾日益突出、食用菌产品质量参差不齐、技术服务体系不完善则成为制约食用菌产业进一步发展壮大的主要因素。对此,必须采取强有力的对策措施予以科学应对,以不断推进随州食用菌产业健康有序发展。

Suizhou city is an important production base of edible fungus in China, where the production of shiitake mushroom, Auriculada auricular and so on plays a vital role in the mushroom industry of Hubei, and the annual production of dried shiitake mushroom has ranked the first place for years in our country. Then, based on field investigations in Sanligang, a major mushroom production town of Suizhou, we objectively assessed the status of mushroom industry in Suizhou in this paper. The results showed that, many practical measures were helpful for the healthy development of mushroom industry, such as cultivating forest resources, strengthening science and technology promotion based on enterprise, implementing standardized cultivation, constructing leading enterprises and markets, strengthening the brand construction. Meanwhile, there existed several major constraints restricting the expansion and further development of the local mushroom industry, including increasingly prominent contradiction between mushroom and forest, various qualities of edible fungus products and imperfect technical service system and so on. Therefore, corresponding measures should be taken as scientific response to the current problems to continuously push forward a healthy and ordered development of mushroom industry in Suizhou.