韶关野生竹叶花椒挥发油含量与组分分析

Analysis of Volatile Oil Content and Components of Wild Zanthoxylum armatum DC.in Shaoguan City

为了明确韶关野生竹叶花椒果实挥发油含量与组分,以野生竹叶花椒青果和熟果为试材,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对其进行定性分析,并按峰面归一化法计算其成分的相对百分含量。结果表明:韶关野生竹叶花椒每100g青果的挥发油含量为1.66mL,主要成分为桉树脑(59.11%)、柠檬烯(17.63%)、桧烯(8.91%)和月桂烯(3.54%)等;每100g熟果的挥发油含量为1.40mL,主要成分为桉树脑(39.31%)、柠檬烯(26.93%)、月桂烯(7.25%)和桧烯(6.37%)。韶关野生竹叶花椒青果与熟果挥发油主要成分相同,但其相对含量存在一定差异;竹叶花椒在由青转熟的发育过程中,单萜类化合物含量增加并主要表现为柠檬烯含量增加,而单萜含氧衍生物含量降低并主要表现为桉树脑含量降低。

In order to make clear the content and components of volatile oil from fruits of wild Zanthoxylurn armature DC. in Shaoguan city, firstly volatile oil from green fruits and ripe fruits of Z. armatura was extracted hy steam distillation method, respectively, and secondly the components were analyzed by GC MS and the relative contents were calculated according to the peak area normalization method. The results showed that content of volatile oil in 100 g of green fruits was 1.66 mL, and the main components were listed as follows： cineole （59. 11%）, limonene （17. 63G） ,sabinene （8.91%） and myrcene （3.54G）. While the content of volatile oil in 100 g of ripe fruits was 1.40 mL, and the main components contained cineole （39.31%）, limonene （26.93%）,myrcene （7.25%） and sabinene （6.37%）. It was indicated that the volatile oil in green fruits and ripe fruits of wild Z. armature in Shaoguan was comprised by almost the same main components but in different relative contents. During fruit maturity of wild Z. arrnatum,the content of monoterpenes increased with increasing limonene content,while the content of monoterpene oxygenated derivatives decreased mainly as the cineole content decreasing.